ABSTRACT
Over 650 million people globally are at risk of infection with Schistosomiasis, with more than 200 million people infected, and higher disease rates occur in children. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the Molecular diagnostic method with different diagnostic methods (urine filtration, haematuria ultrasound). Methods: Eighty three students of Quran School for boys in Radwan village, Gezira state were recruited. The mean age was 12.45±3.2 with a range between 6-20 years. Urine samples were collected. Different diagnostic methods were used. DNA was extracted from the eggs. Polymerase Chain Reaction was done for all samples. Results: Fifty-four percent of the cases were positive with urine filtration method, of whom microhaematuria was seen in 28%, while 61.4% were positive by ultrasound. Using polymerase chain reaction 73.3% of the samples were positive for Schistosoma haematobium. The comparison between the different diagnostic methods and gold standard urine filtration techniques showed that haematuria had a sensitivity of 42.2% and specificity of 89.4% with a significant association, (P<0.05). No, significant difference was found with ultrasound (P>0.05) which had a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 50%, while PCR showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 60.5%, showing a significant association between PCR and filtration techniques. Conclusion: The study concluded that PCR was 100% sensitivite, while microhaematuria method was highly specific 89%. Ultrasound had alower specificity as compared with other diagnostic tests. It is recommended that different diagnostic techniques should be applied according to the situation of the disease.
ABSTRACT
The two imaging modalities most frequently used in thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) are thyroid scintigraphy and ultrasound. The imaging is mainly used to exclude the cyst from being the only functioning ectopic thyroid tissue. The main objective of this study is to compare the results of scintigraphy and ultrasound. Methods: A total of 56 patients referred to the National Cancer Institute (NCI); University of Gezira in the period from Jan 2007 to Dec 2009 were included in this study; 30 females and 26 males patients; with median of 12.5 years. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Both thyroid scintigraphy and ultrasound reached the same imaging findings i.e. 53 patients with TDC and 3 patients with ectopic thyroid tissues. The Fisher exact test revealed no significant difference between the two modalities final results (P- value = 1). In addition; Pearson correlation showed complete correlation between the final ultrasound and scintigraphy results (R2 = 1; P-value 0.0001). Furthermore; ultrasound has provided detailed cyst characterization. Conclusion: Both modalities revealed almost identical results. Ultrasound has the additional advantages of being non-ionizing radiation and accurately localizes and characterizes the TDC